To the upper left the initials “E.T.” are visible, a reminder that cowboys, herders, and modern tourists have left their own graffiti on the same boulders used by the Comanche. Reminiscent of a football coach’s chalkboard diagramming plays this rock art panel depicts several different warriors on foot wearing headdresses and bearing shields. These probably represent personal shields, which Plains Indians rested on tripods outside their tepees to represent their owners. The very word "Comanche" comes from a Ute term that translates as "anyone who wants to fight me all the time." Outside some of the teppees in this panel are circles on top of three or four lines. The Comanche were known as fierce warriors. This could be a representation of the act of "counting coup," or physically touching your opponent in battle without a weapon, which was considered the greatest act of bravery a Plains Indian could commit in battle. The mounted warrior on the lower left has lines connecting him with another figure. This panel appears to depict a Native American, probably Comanche, raid in progress at a tepee encampment. According to tradition, one Comanche horse raiding tactic was to capture feral horses while they gathered around sources of water. They may depict hoove prints around a watering hole, represented by the hole. At the bottom of the panel are semi-circle abrasions around a natural hole in the rock. The wild horse to the immediate right appears to have a lasso around its neck, and the larger horse below may have an arrow lodged in its body. In the upper left corner the warrior is visibly on horseback, with his headress flowing behind him. This detail of a panel at the Vista Verde site may depict a single Comanche engaged in feral horse raiding.
Below are tracings Fowles and his team made of some of the panels, which were scratched onto basalt boulders. Unlike most rock art, which often represents timeless, ritually important subjects, these panels appear to depict real-life events, perhaps traced on the rocks by warriors eager to remind their fellow Comanche of their brave exploits. Many of the panels depict warriors on horseback fighting other Native Americans or capturing horses. Groups of Comanche traveled to the area from the Great Plains during the early eighteenth century to take part in raiding or trading expeditions. He participates in the second battle of Adobe Walls and the ensuing war against settlers on the Great Plains.In New Mexico's Rio Grande Gorg e, Barnard College archaeologist Severin Fowles and his team have recorded hundreds of panels of barely visible rock art left by Comanche around a basin known as the Vista Verde site. Rojo gains notoriety as a warrior fighting the hide men who are killing off the buffalo.
The Comanches take him on a raid into Mexico to determine if he has the skills to become a Comanche warrior. He carries Elkhorn's body to the family burial cleft in the Guadalupe Mountains and spends several months living alone in the mountains where he determines to join Quanah Parker and the Quahadi Comanches. Rojo kills the murderer and leaves the village to avoid a feud with the murderer's kin. Comancheros from the Rio Grande valley bring whiskey into the village for trade, and Elkhorn is murdered in the ensuing wild debauchery. They are carried to the Guadalupe Mountains of New Mexico Territory where Adam is adopted by the chief, Elkhorn, and enters training to become an Apache warrior with five Apache boys. Eve is named Casta�no Rojizo because of her auburn hair. Because of Adam's flaming red hair, the Indians name him Rojo Pelo. But the day comes when their luck runs out, and Adam and Eve are captured by Mescalero Apaches. "Three times, Adam Bain and his twin sister, Eve, escape capture by attacking Indians once by Adam and his brother, Noah, jumping off a hundred-foot-high bluff into the Llano River.
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